Ernesto Rosales Ramírez，秘魯工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)師。熱衷于交通工具設(shè)計(jì)的他，從小就充滿好奇心，喜歡拆東西，并且試圖去搞清楚它們是如何工作。他認(rèn)為，任何設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的產(chǎn)品脫離了人就什么都不是，所以堅(jiān)持設(shè)計(jì)必須以人為中心。目前Ernesto在大眾消費(fèi)品公司Belcorp Peru工作，同時(shí)開(kāi)發(fā)醫(yī)療保健技術(shù)和運(yùn)輸設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域的自由職業(yè)項(xiàng)目。

Ernesto Rosales Ramírez

Narkii： 

您的多數(shù)作品都是交通工具的設(shè)計(jì)。這個(gè)領(lǐng)域最吸引您的是什么呢？

Most of your works are related to vehicle design. What attracts you most in this area?

Ernesto：

當(dāng)我還是小孩子時(shí)，第一次騎上自行車(chē)，我就被迷住了，這個(gè)由鋁、鏈條和齒輪組成的東西竟可以讓我跑得更快，更省力。這是我第一次感受到速度所帶來(lái)愉悅感，也讓我理解了一種概念，就是交通工具作為我們身體的延伸，可以幫助我們做到超越人體限制的事情，比如飛行，或在海底游泳，或是達(dá)到非一般的速度。我熱衷于所有種類(lèi)的交通工具，無(wú)論是機(jī)動(dòng)還是非機(jī)動(dòng)，原因除了它們所帶來(lái)的審美上的享受外，還有它們所能對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生的影響。舉個(gè)例子，我尤其欣賞一款車(chē)，就是印度制造商TATA Motors所生產(chǎn)的Tata Nano，這款車(chē)被認(rèn)為是世界上最便宜的汽車(chē)。之所以有這款車(chē)，是因?yàn)橛《热诵枰环N安全同時(shí)大家都負(fù)擔(dān)得起的交通工具，當(dāng)時(shí)在印度只有5%的人擁有汽車(chē)，大部分人都開(kāi)著摩托車(chē)穿行于沒(méi)有鋪混凝土的地面，一家人全部擠在一輛摩托車(chē)上的現(xiàn)象非常普遍。Tata在印度變成了“人民的汽車(chē)”，它是一個(gè)在材料和工藝上實(shí)現(xiàn)了最優(yōu)化的復(fù)雜的產(chǎn)品。我想要設(shè)計(jì)“秘魯人的汽車(chē)”，一個(gè)具有包容性的可以滿足城市內(nèi)外人們需求的產(chǎn)品。

When I was a child and I rode a bicycle for the first time in my life, I got fascinated to discover how an object made of aluminum, chains and sprockets could allow me to go faster and with less effort than running. This was my first approach to the pleasure for speed, which also allowed me understand the concept of a vehicle as an extension of your own body to achieve things humanly impossible like flying, or to swim in the deepest of the oceans or to reach speeds that no living being can. I’m a fan of all kind of vehicles, motorized or not, however, furthermore the taste for esthetic I feel attracted to the impact they can have in the society. For instance there is a car in particular that awakes my admiration and that is the Tata Nano from the indian manufacturer TATA Motors, considered to be the cheapest car in the world. It was born from the necessity of the indian population for a transportation mean that was safe but above all, affordable, because at that time, in India only a 5% owned a car and people move in motorcycles through non-paved roads, where it wasn’t uncommon to see whole families moving all together onboard one single linear motorcycle. The Tata became the “car of the people” in India, a complex work of engineering and design based in the optimization of materials and processes, made possible by a team of indian professionals. I would like to design the “car for the Peruvian people”, an inclusive product designed to satisfy people’s needs in and outside the city.

Narkii：

當(dāng)您開(kāi)始一個(gè)新的項(xiàng)目，您典型的設(shè)計(jì)流程是怎樣的呢？

When you start a new project, what is your typical design process?

Ernesto：

盡管設(shè)計(jì)有許多的方法論和工具，但是到最后，每個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)師都會(huì)得到自己的一套方法。我自己認(rèn)為，在整個(gè)產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)流程中，概念是基礎(chǔ)，這是最難的一部分，因?yàn)樗x了設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)象的功能和使命，概念的發(fā)想源自于對(duì)用戶(hù)的廣泛調(diào)查，且明確了他們的需求或是日常體驗(yàn)中可以改善的可能。比如，Chicco Ride On項(xiàng)目中的概念是想要設(shè)計(jì)出一款“多功能且適合孩子成長(zhǎng)不同階段”的交通工具。這個(gè)概念，正是經(jīng)過(guò)了調(diào)查才得以發(fā)想出來(lái)，因?yàn)槲覀冋{(diào)查到了家長(zhǎng)在孩子最初快速成長(zhǎng)的幾年里需要為他們買(mǎi)各種不同類(lèi)型的交通工具。從嬰兒推車(chē)，到嬰兒步行車(chē)，再到各種小的自行車(chē)。

說(shuō)到“適合孩子成長(zhǎng)階段的多功能汽車(chē)”，是否包含了這樣一個(gè)理念：創(chuàng)造一個(gè)涵蓋這些產(chǎn)品主要功能的小車(chē)，適應(yīng)孩子們成長(zhǎng)的需求，父母只需要投資在這一件上，充分利用了家庭空間，并且作為一個(gè)多功能玩具更容易運(yùn)輸。一旦定義了概念，那么問(wèn)題就來(lái)了，這些問(wèn)題自然而然會(huì)帶出設(shè)計(jì)，比如：孩子的哪個(gè)成長(zhǎng)階段最為重要？需要整合哪些功能？需要應(yīng)用什么材料？為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這些功能需要運(yùn)用什么機(jī)械原理？作為最終產(chǎn)品，功能與外觀都是研究用戶(hù)之后得到的結(jié)果。

Though there are many methodologies and tools to design, in the end, each designer develops his own methodology. Mine in particular has the concept as a base of the whole product developing process, being this the toughest part, because it defines the function and mission of the object to design, for reaching a concept is the result of a wide investigation focused in the users, to identify their needs or improvement opportunities on a day-to-day experience. For example, the concept developed for the Chicco Ride On Project is a “ multifunctional vehicle adaptable to the growing stages of a child “which is the resulting product of an investigation done by the family parents where it was identified their need to buy different types of vehicles for their kids through their quick development in their first years. From baby strollers, baby walkers, jumpers to different types of ride-on. 

Is there when the sentence “multifunctional vehicle adaptable to the growing stages of a child “encloses the idea to create a ride-on that comprises the main functions of these products, adapting to the children’s needs as they grow and becoming in just one investment for their parents, making the most of the home space and making easier to transport as just one multifunctional toy. Once defined the concept, questions come out to allow the design build itself, like for example: Which development stages are the most important for a child? Which functions must be integrated? Which materials should be used? What mechanism must be integrated to have these funtions?  Being the final product as well in functionality as in appearance the result of the user’s study.

Chicco Ride On

Narkii： 

您提到，一直將設(shè)計(jì)專(zhuān)注于面向拉美市場(chǎng)，請(qǐng)問(wèn)這個(gè)市場(chǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)是什么？您是如何最快抓住一個(gè)市場(chǎng)的需求呢？

As you mention, you always focus your designs on the Latin American market. What is the advantage of this market? How do you catch the demand of a specific market in a short time?

Ernesto：

拉美市場(chǎng)所具有的巨大優(yōu)勢(shì)在于，它還有許多東西等著被探索，這里消費(fèi)的大部分產(chǎn)品都是進(jìn)口的，它們并不總是完全適應(yīng)人體工程學(xué)，人體測(cè)量學(xué)，理想或文化需求，因?yàn)槔∶乐拊谒羞@些方面與美國(guó)，歐洲或亞洲完全不同。設(shè)計(jì)師所具有的批評(píng)眼光讓我能夠快速識(shí)別這些需求，因?yàn)槲沂抢∶乐奕?，這些也是我的需求，而且我可以在日常體驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)改善的機(jī)會(huì)。例如，拉丁美洲人不像美國(guó)人消費(fèi)那樣大，而是看重產(chǎn)品在長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)的質(zhì)量，只做一次特別的投資。

The great advantage that the Latin American Market has is how little it’s been explored, for the most of the products, here consumed, are imported and they not always adapted completely to the ergonomic, anthropometric, aspirational, or cultural needs, as the Latin American is completely different in all of these aspects to the American, European or Asian. The designer’s critic eye allows me to identify quickly these needs, as I am a Latin American, these are my needs as well, and I can spot the improvement opportunities on a day-to-day experience. For instance, the Latin American is not a big consumer as the American and values much more the quality of a product in a long term with just one unique investment.

Narkii： 

您認(rèn)為什么樣的設(shè)計(jì)才是好設(shè)計(jì)？

How do you define a good design?

Ernesto：

對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，好設(shè)計(jì)就是在日常生活中不容易被注意到的產(chǎn)品，它與你的生活方式和需求很好地融合在一起，成了你的外延，為你帶來(lái)新的體驗(yàn)。我欣賞以交互為中心的產(chǎn)品，比如，蘋(píng)果產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)就是讓用戶(hù)專(zhuān)注到與屏幕的交互上。

For me a good design is the one that goes unnoticed on your day-to-day, that integrates so well to your life-style and needs that ends up becoming an extension of you, to have all kind of new experiences. I am an admirer of the products centered in the interaction with the user, for example, Apple products are designed in a way that the user only focusses the attention in the interacting mean, which is the screen.  

KUY - Folding electric car

Narkii：  

平時(shí)有什么愛(ài)好嗎？這些愛(ài)好有給您帶來(lái)什么靈感嗎？

What is your hobby? Do you get inspiration from it?

Ernesto：

其實(shí)我一直都從周?chē)囊磺兄蝎@得靈感。 2003年我12歲時(shí)，從庫(kù)斯科來(lái)到利馬，一直住在離馬格達(dá)萊納市場(chǎng)兩個(gè)街區(qū)的地方，在這個(gè)地方我成了鄰家小孩，向往著圣馬丁·德·波雷斯，喜歡開(kāi)玩笑，喜歡在市場(chǎng)上散步，踢足球，跳舞，參加派對(duì)，以及，家人對(duì)我是最重要的。換句話說(shuō)，這里的生活塑造了我的個(gè)性，我在設(shè)計(jì)能夠適應(yīng)我國(guó)人民的需求和習(xí)慣的產(chǎn)品時(shí)我很驕傲地展示自己的這一部分，甚至在新加坡的紅點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)大獎(jiǎng)?lì)C獎(jiǎng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)中跳薩爾薩舞，我所居住城市的方方面面都反映了那里的人們，無(wú)論好與壞。

Actually I get my inspiration constantly from everything that surrounds me. I came to Lima from Cusco in the year 2003, at the age of 12 and I have always lived two blocks away from the Magdalena marketplace, a place that embraced and raised me as a kid-next-door that is devote to San Martin de Porres, a kid who loves to joke, take a walk in the market, play football soccer, dance, go to a party and most of all, to keep my family as the most important thing. In other words, living here has defined my personality, which I show with pride when I design products that can be adapted to my people’s needs and usages, or even dancing salsa at the Red Dot Design Award in Singapur, for each aspect in the city where I live, reflects the people that live in it, the good and bad.

Narkii：   

秘魯設(shè)計(jì)業(yè)為設(shè)計(jì)師們提供了怎樣的環(huán)境？

What kind of environment for designers does design industry provide in Peru?

Ernesto：

在秘魯，工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)職業(yè)只出現(xiàn)了幾年的時(shí)間，但由于全球化，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)以及大公司需要提高競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，它漸漸地在工作環(huán)境中為人所知。的確，目前我國(guó)還沒(méi)有一個(gè)發(fā)展很多產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)業(yè)，但發(fā)展出大規(guī)模消費(fèi)產(chǎn)品的潛力巨大，最重要的是我們有很大機(jī)會(huì)可以復(fù)興我們的部分文化遺產(chǎn)，發(fā)展能夠滿足及盡可能幫助人們的自有品牌線。

In Peru, the Industry Design career has just few years but it’s becoming well-known little by little in the working environment thanks to the globalization, the economic growth and the need for the big companies to have a competitive leverage. It’s true that at the moment, our country doesn’t count with an industry that develops many products, there is a huge potential for developing products of massive consumption and most important the great opportunity to resume part of our cultural legacy to develop an own-design line that answers the needs and mostly help our people’s development.

Bicimoto FX-01

Narkii：  

最后，對(duì)剛剛起步的設(shè)計(jì)師說(shuō)點(diǎn)什么吧。

Any final messages to those just starting out? 

Ernesto：

我想對(duì)這些在當(dāng)下大環(huán)境中因?yàn)樽陨砺殬I(yè)并不為人所知而感到不之所錯(cuò)的秘魯年輕設(shè)計(jì)師說(shuō)點(diǎn)話。作為設(shè)計(jì)師，我們有責(zé)任提高意識(shí)，并讓當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)明白工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)師的潛力，我們可以開(kāi)發(fā)有形和無(wú)形產(chǎn)品，這些產(chǎn)品不僅可以帶來(lái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，而且最重要的是可以讓人們更好，改善他們的生活方式。

我最初是在一家秘魯?shù)拇笠?guī)模消費(fèi)跨國(guó)公司工作，從事來(lái)自戶(hù)外設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)（美國(guó)，法國(guó)，意大利等）的裝瓶和包裝工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中介。我的職責(zé)與設(shè)計(jì)管理有關(guān)，但是我對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的渴望使我提出了大量的設(shè)計(jì)，這些在最開(kāi)始的幾年被拒絕了，主要原因是公司缺乏與當(dāng)?shù)卦O(shè)計(jì)師合作的知識(shí)和安全感。最后，經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的堅(jiān)持，我有機(jī)會(huì)開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)上市的項(xiàng)目，消費(fèi)研究里表明，它遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了外國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)。這是公司開(kāi)始用內(nèi)部工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)更多產(chǎn)品的突破點(diǎn)，為未來(lái)的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了內(nèi)部方法，因?yàn)橥ㄟ^(guò)內(nèi)部設(shè)計(jì)，成本和期限可以得到最優(yōu)化。這不是一件容易的事情，但向當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)展示秘魯設(shè)計(jì)的潛力要靠我們。

My message is to the Peruvian young designers that can feel overwhelmed by the current situation in our country where our career in the working environment is not so well-known. It is our responsibility as designers to raise awareness and to teach the local market the potential of an Industry designer to develop tangible and intangible products that can generate not just competitive advantages, but most important yet, the development of the people and improvement of their life-style.

I started working in a Peruvian transnational company of massive consumption who worked on the mediation of industrial designing of bottling and packaging from outdoor design agencies (USA, France, Italy, etc). My duties were related to the design administration, but my urge to design made me present a large quantity of designs that, at first were rejected during a couple of years, due mostly to a lack of knowledge and insecurity of the company to work with a local designer. In the end, after a long persistence, I had the opportunity to develop a project that was launched to the market after surpassing by far in the consumption studies, the designs of the foreign agencies. This was the breaking point for the company to start developing more products with an in-house industry design, creating an internal methodology for future developments, because with an in-house design, the costs and deadlines could be optimized. It’s not an easy task, but it depends on us to show the local market the potential of the Peruvian design.  

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